After the conquest of Sistan in 30 AH, this region attracted the attention of Muslim Arabs due to its geographical location, climatic conditions, and economic opportunities. In this study, an attempt has been made to analyze, using a descriptive-analytical method and relying on library resources, the consequences of the migration of Arab tribes to Sistan in the first and second centuries AH. It seems that Muslim Arabs, who were from numerous tribes, migrated to Sistan and settled in this region mostly for political, military, religious, and economic motives. On the one hand, their presence and residence led to the formation of social relations and peaceful coexistence, the growth of the urban population and the expansion of urbanization, and the spread of tribal prejudices, and fueled social chaos and insecurity. On the other hand, the imposition of financial and human costs resulting from political and tribal rivalries and foreign wars with neighboring countries, especially the numerous battles with the Ratbil government, were among the economic consequences of the migration of Arab tribes in Sistan. As a result, the social and economic crisis made life difficult for the people of Sistan.